Class DungTheory
java.lang.Object
org.tweetyproject.commons.BeliefSet<Argument,DungSignature>
org.tweetyproject.arg.dung.syntax.DungTheory
- All Implemented Interfaces:
Comparable<DungTheory>
,Iterable<Argument>
,Collection<Argument>
,ArgumentationFramework<Argument>
,BeliefBase
,GeneralGraph<Argument>
,Graph<Argument>
- Direct Known Subclasses:
ClaimBasedTheory
,ExecutableDungTheory
,IncompleteTheory
,InducedTheory
,ProbabilisticArgumentationFramework
,SocialAbstractArgumentationFramework
,StructuredArgumentationFramework
,WeightedArgumentationFramework
,WeightedDungTheory
public class DungTheory
extends BeliefSet<Argument,DungSignature>
implements Graph<Argument>, Comparable<DungTheory>, ArgumentationFramework<Argument>
This class implements an abstract argumentation theory in the sense of Dung.
See
Phan Minh Dung. On the Acceptability of Arguments and its Fundamental Role in Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Logic Programming and n-Person Games. In Artificial Intelligence, Volume 77(2):321-358. 1995
See
Phan Minh Dung. On the Acceptability of Arguments and its Fundamental Role in Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Logic Programming and n-Person Games. In Artificial Intelligence, Volume 77(2):321-358. 1995
- Author:
- Matthias Thimm, Tjitze Rienstra
-
Field Summary
Fields inherited from class org.tweetyproject.commons.BeliefSet
EQUALS_USES_SIGNATURE
Fields inherited from interface org.tweetyproject.graphs.Graph
IGNORE_SELFLOOPS, INVERT_SELFLOOPS, REMOVE_SELFLOOPS
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Constructor Summary
ConstructorDescriptionDefault constructor; initializes empty sets of arguments and attacksDungTheory
(Graph<Argument> graph) Creates a new theory from the given graph. -
Method Summary
Modifier and TypeMethodDescriptionboolean
Adds the given node to this graph.boolean
Adds the given attack to this dung theory.boolean
Adds the given attacks to this dung theory.boolean
add
(DungTheory theory) Adds all arguments and attacks of the given theory to this theoryboolean
add
(GeneralEdge<Argument> edge) Adds the given edge to this graph.boolean
addAllAttacks
(Collection<? extends Attack> c) Adds the set of attacks to this Dung theory.boolean
Adds an attack from the first argument to the second to thisDdung theory.boolean
areAdjacent
(Argument a, Argument b) Returns "true" iff the two nodes are connected by a directed edge from a to b or an undirected edge.clone()
int
boolean
Returns "true" when this graph contains the given node or edge.boolean
containsAll
(Collection<?> c) Checks if the argumentation framework contains all the elements in the given collection.boolean
containsAttack
(Attack att) Checks whether this theory contains the given attack.<S extends Node>
booleanChecks whether there is at least one cycle in this DungTheory.<S extends Node>
booleanChecks whether there is at least on eodd cycle in this DungTheory.boolean
boolean
equalsIn
(HashSet<DungTheory> setOfEquals) Method to check if an equal object to this object is contained in the specified setboolean
existsDirectedPath
(Argument node1, Argument node2) Checks whether there is a (directed) path from node1 to node2.faf
(Extension<DungTheory> extension) The characteristic function of an abstract argumentation framework: F_AF(S) = {A|A is acceptable wrt.Returns the adjacency matrix of this graph (the order of the nodes is the same as returned by "iterator()").getAttacked
(Collection<Argument> args) Computes the set {A | (arg,A) in attacks for some arg in args}.getAttacked
(Argument argument) Computes the set {A | (argument,A) in attacks}.getAttackers
(Collection<Argument> args) Computes the set {A | (A,arg) in attacks for some arg in args}.getAttackers
(Argument argument) Computes the set {A | (A,argument) in attacks}.Returns all attacks of this theory.Returns all bidirectional attacks of this theory.getChildren
(Node node) Returns the set of children (node connected via an undirected edge or a directed edge where the given node is the parent) of the given node.getComplementGraph
(int selfloops) Returns the complement graph of this graph, i.e.Returns the corresponding edge (a,b) if a and b are adjacent.Collection
<? extends Edge<? extends Argument>> getEdges()
Returns the edges of this graph.Returns the signature of the language of this knowledge base.getNeighbors
(Argument node) Returns the set of neighbors of the given node.getNodes()
Returns the nodes of this graph.int
Returns the number of edges in this graph.int
Returns the number of nodes in this graph.getParents
(Node node) Returns the set of parents (node connected via an undirected edge or a directed edge where the given node is the child) of the given node.getReduct
(Collection<Argument> arguments) computes the reduct of bbase wrt.getRestriction
(Collection<Argument> arguments) Returns a copy of this graph that contains only the specified nodes and all corresponding edges between them.Returns the strongly connected components of this graph.Returns the set of sub graphs of this graph.Returns the set of arguments b such that a is in ext and there is no c in ext such that (c,b) is an attack.Returns the set of attacks (b,a) such that a is in ext and there is no c in ext such that (c,b) is an attack.boolean
If this graph is acyclic, this method checks if the given argument has an attack branch, i.e.boolean
If this graph is acyclic, this method checks if the given argument has a defense branch, i.e.int
hashCode()
boolean
Returns "true" iff the graph has a self loop (an edge from a node to itself).boolean
isAcceptable
(Argument argument, Extension<DungTheory> ext) returns true if every attacker onargument
is attacked by some accepted argument wrt.boolean
isAdmissible
(Extension<DungTheory> ext) returns true if every accepted argument of this is defended by some accepted argument wrt.boolean
isAttackBranch
(Argument a, Argument b) Checks whether the path from b to a is an attack branch, i.e.boolean
isAttacked
(Extension<DungTheory> ext1, Extension<DungTheory> ext2) returns true if some argument ofext2
attacks some argument inext1
boolean
isAttacked
(Argument argument, Extension<? extends ArgumentationFramework<?>> ext) returns true if some argument ofext
attacks argument.boolean
isAttackedBy
(Argument argument, Collection<Argument> ext) returns true if some argument ofext
is attacked by argument.boolean
isAttackedBy
(Argument arg1, Argument arg2) Checks whether arg1 is attacked by arg2.boolean
isAttackingAllOtherArguments
(Extension<? extends ArgumentationFramework<Argument>> ext) returns true ifarguments
attack all other arguments in the theoryboolean
Determines if the theory is coherent, i.e., if each preferred extension is stableboolean
Checks whether the given extension is complete wrt.boolean
isConflictFree
(Collection<Argument> ext) returns true if no accepted argument attacks another one in the setboolean
returns true if no accepted argument attacks another accepted one in this interpretation wrt.boolean
isDefenseBranch
(Argument a, Argument b) Checks whether the path from b to a is a defense branch, i.e.boolean
isIndirectAttack
(Argument arg1, Argument arg2) Checks whether "arg1" indirectly attacks "arg2", i.e.boolean
Determines if the theory is relatively coherent, i.e., if the grounded extension coincides with the intersection of all preferred extensionsboolean
Checks whether the given extension is stable wrt.boolean
isStronglyDefendedBy
(Argument arg, Collection<Argument> ext) Checks whether a specified argument is strongly defended by the given set of arguments.boolean
Checks whether "arg1" supports "arg2", i.e.boolean
Checks whether this graph only contains weighted edges.boolean
returns true iff the theory is well-founded, i.e., there is no infinite sequence A1,A2,...Pretty print of the theory.boolean
Removes the argument and all its attacksboolean
Removes the given attack from this Dung theory.boolean
removeAll
(Collection<?> c) toString()
Methods inherited from class org.tweetyproject.commons.BeliefSet
add, addAll, clear, getSignature, isEmpty, iterator, remove, retainAll, setSignature, size, toArray, toArray, toString
Methods inherited from interface java.util.Collection
parallelStream, removeIf, spliterator, stream, toArray
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Constructor Details
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DungTheory
public DungTheory()Default constructor; initializes empty sets of arguments and attacks -
DungTheory
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Method Details
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clone
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getMinimalSignature
Description copied from interface:BeliefBase
Returns the signature of the language of this knowledge base.- Specified by:
getMinimalSignature
in interfaceBeliefBase
- Returns:
- the signature of the language of this knowledge base.
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isAttackingAllOtherArguments
public boolean isAttackingAllOtherArguments(Extension<? extends ArgumentationFramework<Argument>> ext) returns true ifarguments
attack all other arguments in the theory- Parameters:
ext
- An extension contains a set of arguments.- Returns:
- true if
arguments
attack all other arguments in the theory
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isWellFounded
public boolean isWellFounded()returns true iff the theory is well-founded, i.e., there is no infinite sequence A1,A2,... of arguments with Ai attacking Ai+1- Returns:
- true iff the theory is well-founded
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isAcceptable
returns true if every attacker onargument
is attacked by some accepted argument wrt. the given theory.- Parameters:
argument
- an argumentext
- an extension (the knowledge base)- Returns:
- true if every attacker on
argument
is attacked by some accepted argument wrt. the given theory.
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isConflictFree
returns true if no accepted argument attacks another accepted one in this interpretation wrt. the given theory.- Parameters:
ext
- an extension- Returns:
- true if no accepted argument attacks another accepted one in this interpretation wrt. the given theory.
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isConflictFree
returns true if no accepted argument attacks another one in the set- Parameters:
ext
- a set of arguments- Returns:
- true if no accepted argument attacks another one in the set
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isAdmissible
returns true if every accepted argument of this is defended by some accepted argument wrt. the given Dung theory.- Parameters:
ext
- an extension- Returns:
- true, if every accepted argument of this is defended by some accepted argument wrt. the given Dung theory.
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isStronglyDefendedBy
Checks whether a specified argument is strongly defended by the given set of arguments.- Parameters:
arg
- some argumentext
- a set of arguments- Returns:
- true, iff the specified argument is strongly defended by the set
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isCoherent
public boolean isCoherent()Determines if the theory is coherent, i.e., if each preferred extension is stable- Returns:
- true if the theory is coherent
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isRelativelyCoherent
public boolean isRelativelyCoherent()Determines if the theory is relatively coherent, i.e., if the grounded extension coincides with the intersection of all preferred extensions- Returns:
- true if the theory is relatively coherent
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getAttackers
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getAttackers
Computes the set {A | (A,arg) in attacks for some arg in args}.- Parameters:
args
- a set of arguments- Returns:
- the set of all arguments that attack some argument
in
args
.
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getAttacked
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getAttacked
Computes the set {A | (arg,A) in attacks for some arg in args}.- Parameters:
args
- a set of arguments- Returns:
- the set of all arguments that are attacked by some argument
in
args
.
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isAttacked
returns true if some argument ofext
attacks argument.- Specified by:
isAttacked
in interfaceArgumentationFramework<Argument>
- Parameters:
argument
- an argumentext
- an extension, ie. a set of arguments- Returns:
- true if some argument of
ext
attacks argument.
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isAttackedBy
returns true if some argument ofext
is attacked by argument.- Parameters:
argument
- an argumentext
- an extension, ie. a set of arguments- Returns:
- true if some argument of
ext
is attacked by argument.
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isAttacked
returns true if some argument ofext2
attacks some argument inext1
- Parameters:
ext1
- an extension, ie. a set of argumentsext2
- an extension, ie. a set of arguments- Returns:
- true if some argument of
ext2
attacks some argument inext1
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isStable
Checks whether the given extension is stable wrt. this theory.- Parameters:
e
- some extension- Returns:
- "true" iff the extension is stable.
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isComplete
Checks whether the given extension is complete wrt. this theory.- Parameters:
e
- some extension- Returns:
- "true" iff the extension is complete.
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faf
The characteristic function of an abstract argumentation framework: F_AF(S) = {A|A is acceptable wrt. S}.- Parameters:
extension
- an extension (a set of arguments).- Returns:
- an extension (a set of arguments).
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isAttackedBy
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isIndirectAttack
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isSupport
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isAttackBranch
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isDefenseBranch
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hasAttackBranch
If this graph is acyclic, this method checks if the given argument has an attack branch, i.e. if it is (indirectly) attacked by a non-attacked argument.- Parameters:
a
- an Argument- Returns:
- true iff this graph is acyclic and a has an attack branch, false otherwise
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hasDefenseBranch
If this graph is acyclic, this method checks if the given argument has a defense branch, i.e. if it is supported by a non-attacked argument.- Parameters:
a
- an Argument- Returns:
- true iff this graph is acyclic and a has a defense branch, false otherwise
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getUndefendedAttacks
Returns the set of attacks (b,a) such that a is in ext and there is no c in ext such that (c,b) is an attack.- Parameters:
ext
- some set of arguments.- Returns:
- the set of attacks (b,a) such that a is in ext and there is no c in ext such that (c,b) is an attack.
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getUnattackedAttackers
Returns the set of arguments b such that a is in ext and there is no c in ext such that (c,b) is an attack.- Parameters:
ext
- some set of arguments.- Returns:
- the set of arguments b such that a is in ext and there is no c in ext such that (c,b) is an attack.
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prettyPrint
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toString
- Specified by:
toString
in interfaceBeliefBase
- Specified by:
toString
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Overrides:
toString
in classBeliefSet<Argument,
DungSignature>
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add
Adds the given attack to this dung theory.- Parameters:
attack
- an attack- Returns:
- "true" if the set of attacks has been modified.
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add
Adds the given attacks to this dung theory.- Parameters:
attacks
- some attacks- Returns:
- "true" if the set of attacks has been modified.
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addAttack
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remove
Removes the given attack from this Dung theory.- Parameters:
attack
- an attack- Returns:
- "true" if the set of attacks has been modified.
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remove
Removes the argument and all its attacks- Parameters:
a
- some argument- Returns:
- true if this structure has been changed
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removeAll
- Specified by:
removeAll
in interfaceCollection<Argument>
- Overrides:
removeAll
in classBeliefSet<Argument,
DungSignature>
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contains
Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns "true" when this graph contains the given node or edge.- Specified by:
contains
in interfaceCollection<Argument>
- Specified by:
contains
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Overrides:
contains
in classBeliefSet<Argument,
DungSignature> - Parameters:
o
- an object- Returns:
- "true" if this graph contains the given node or edge.
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containsAll
Description copied from interface:ArgumentationFramework
Checks if the argumentation framework contains all the elements in the given collection.- Specified by:
containsAll
in interfaceArgumentationFramework<Argument>
- Specified by:
containsAll
in interfaceCollection<Argument>
- Overrides:
containsAll
in classBeliefSet<Argument,
DungSignature> - Parameters:
c
- the collection of elements to be checked for containment.- Returns:
- true if this framework contains all elements in the specified collection, false otherwise.
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containsAttack
Checks whether this theory contains the given attack.- Parameters:
att
- some attack- Returns:
- "true" iff this theory contains the given attack.
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addAllAttacks
Adds the set of attacks to this Dung theory.- Parameters:
c
- a collection of attacks- Returns:
- "true" if this Dung theory has been modified.
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add
Adds all arguments and attacks of the given theory to this theory- Parameters:
theory
- some Dung theory- Returns:
- "true" if this Dung Theory has been modified
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add
Description copied from interface:Graph
Adds the given node to this graph.- Specified by:
add
in interfaceCollection<Argument>
- Specified by:
add
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Overrides:
add
in classBeliefSet<Argument,
DungSignature> - Parameters:
argument
- some node.- Returns:
- "true" iff the edge has been added successfully.
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getAttacks
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getBidirectionalAttacks
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getRestriction
Description copied from interface:GeneralGraph
Returns a copy of this graph that contains only the specified nodes and all corresponding edges between them.This method generates a subgraph (or restricted graph) from the current graph by including only the given nodes and the edges that connect them. The returned graph is a new instance and does not modify the original graph.
- Specified by:
getRestriction
in interfaceGeneralGraph<Argument>
- Parameters:
arguments
- a collection of nodes to be included in the restricted graph.- Returns:
- a `GeneralGraph` object representing the restricted graph.
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getReduct
computes the reduct of bbase wrt. ext ie. removes all arguments from bbase which are either in ext or are attacked by any element of ext- Parameters:
arguments
- the arguments- Returns:
- the reduct
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hashCode
public int hashCode()- Specified by:
hashCode
in interfaceCollection<Argument>
- Overrides:
hashCode
in classBeliefSet<Argument,
DungSignature>
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equals
- Specified by:
equals
in interfaceCollection<Argument>
- Overrides:
equals
in classBeliefSet<Argument,
DungSignature>
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add
Description copied from interface:Graph
Adds the given edge to this graph. If at least one of the nodes the given edge connects is not in the graph, an illegal argument exception is thrown. -
getNodes
Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns the nodes of this graph.- Specified by:
getNodes
in interfaceArgumentationFramework<Argument>
- Specified by:
getNodes
in interfaceGeneralGraph<Argument>
- Specified by:
getNodes
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Returns:
- the nodes of this graph.
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getNumberOfNodes
public int getNumberOfNodes()Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns the number of nodes in this graph.- Specified by:
getNumberOfNodes
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Returns:
- the number of nodes in this graph.
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areAdjacent
Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns "true" iff the two nodes are connected by a directed edge from a to b or an undirected edge.- Specified by:
areAdjacent
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Parameters:
a
- some nodeb
- some node- Returns:
- "true" iff the two nodes are connected by a directed edge from a to b or an undirected edge.
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getEdges
Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns the edges of this graph. -
getChildren
Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns the set of children (node connected via an undirected edge or a directed edge where the given node is the parent) of the given node.- Specified by:
getChildren
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Parameters:
node
- some node (must be in the graph).- Returns:
- the set of children of the given node.
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getParents
Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns the set of parents (node connected via an undirected edge or a directed edge where the given node is the child) of the given node.- Specified by:
getParents
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Parameters:
node
- some node (must be in the graph).- Returns:
- the set of parents of the given node.
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existsDirectedPath
Description copied from interface:Graph
Checks whether there is a (directed) path from node1 to node2.- Specified by:
existsDirectedPath
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Parameters:
node1
- some node.node2
- some node.- Returns:
- "true" if there is a directed path from node1 to node2.
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getNeighbors
Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns the set of neighbors of the given node.- Specified by:
getNeighbors
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Parameters:
node
- some node (must be in the graph).- Returns:
- the set of neighbors of the given node.
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getAdjacencyMatrix
Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns the adjacency matrix of this graph (the order of the nodes is the same as returned by "iterator()").- Specified by:
getAdjacencyMatrix
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Returns:
- the adjacency matrix of this graph
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getComplementGraph
Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns the complement graph of this graph, i.e. the graph on the same set of vertices as this graph that connects two vertices v and w with an edge if and only if v and w are not connected in this graph.- Specified by:
getComplementGraph
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Parameters:
selfloops
- Indicates how to deal with selfloops:
IGNORE_SELFLOOPS - ignore self loops (don't add and don't remove)
INVERT_SELFLOOPS - deal with self loops like ordinary edges (add if not present and remove if present)
REMOVE_SELFLOOPS - simple remove self loops, but don't add new ones.- Returns:
- the complement graph of this graph.
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hasSelfLoops
public boolean hasSelfLoops()Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns "true" iff the graph has a self loop (an edge from a node to itself).- Specified by:
hasSelfLoops
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Returns:
- "true" iff the graph has a self loop (an edge from a node to itself).
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getEdge
Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns the corresponding edge (a,b) if a and b are adjacent. Otherwise it returns null. -
isWeightedGraph
public boolean isWeightedGraph()Description copied from interface:Graph
Checks whether this graph only contains weighted edges.- Specified by:
isWeightedGraph
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Returns:
- "true" if all edges are weighted in this graph.
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getStronglyConnectedComponents
Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns the strongly connected components of this graph. A set of nodes is strongly connected, if there is a path from each node to each other. A set of nodes is called strongly connected component if it is strongly connected and maximal with respect to set inclusion.- Specified by:
getStronglyConnectedComponents
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Returns:
- the strongly connected components of this graph.
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getSubgraphs
Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns the set of sub graphs of this graph.- Specified by:
getSubgraphs
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Returns:
- the set of sub graphs of this graph.
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compareTo
- Specified by:
compareTo
in interfaceComparable<DungTheory>
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containsCycle
Checks whether there is at least one cycle in this DungTheory.- Type Parameters:
S
- the type of nodes- Returns:
- "true" if there is a cycle in this DungTheory, "false" otherwise
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containsOddCycle
Checks whether there is at least on eodd cycle in this DungTheory. A directed graph has an odd-length cycle if and only if at least one of its SCCs is non-bipartite- Type Parameters:
S
- the type of nodes- Returns:
- "true" if there is a cycle with odd length in this theory
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getComponents
- Returns:
- DefaultGraph
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getInducedSubgraphs
- Returns:
- DefaultGraph
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equalsIn
Method to check if an equal object to this object is contained in the specified set- Parameters:
setOfEquals
- Set of object of the same class- Returns:
- TRUE iff an equal object is contained in the specified set
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getNumberOfEdges
public int getNumberOfEdges()Description copied from interface:Graph
Returns the number of edges in this graph.- Specified by:
getNumberOfEdges
in interfaceGraph<Argument>
- Returns:
- the number of edges in this graph.
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